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August Hlond (July 5, 1881 – October 22, 1948) was a Polish cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church, who was Archbishop of Poznań and Gniezno in 1926 and primate (highest ranking church official) in Poland. He was then appointed as the Archbishop of Gniezno and Warsaw in 1946. He was the only member of the Sacred College of Cardinals to be arrested and taken into custody by the Gestapo during World War Two, and for the final years of his life was a critic of the Soviet backed Communist regime in Poland. His cause of canonization commenced in 1992 and he has been granted the posthumous title of Servant of God. == Early life and ordination== Second son of a railway worker, he was born in the Upper Silesian village Brzęczkowice ((ドイツ語:Brzenskowitz)), then ruled by Germany, now part of Mysłowice ((ドイツ語:Myslowitz)), on 5 July 1881. At twelve-years-of-age, Hlond went to Turin, Italy to study for the priesthood in the Salesian Congregation. He later studied a doctorate of philosophy in Rome, returned to Poland to complete Theology, and was ordained in Cracow in 1905.〔(August, Cardinal Hlond ); The Tablet; Page 4, 30th October 1948〕 In 1909 Hlond was sent to Vienna to be headmaster at a boy's secondary school. He remained in the city for 13 years, and working with spiritual and charitable organisations for Poles, and becoming Provincial of the Salesians for Austria, Hungary and Germany in 1919. Following the break up of Austria-Hungary after World War One, Pope Pius XI appointed Hlond as Apostolic Administrator for Polish Upper Silesia in 1922, and Hlond became the first Bishop of the Diocese of Katowice in 1925.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「August Hlond」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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